Early clinical markers of metabolic syndrome among secondary school adolescents in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
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Date
2021
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Tanzania Journal of Health Research
Abstract
Background:Metabolic syndrome is defined by the presence of three of four disorders; hypertension, obesity, dyslipidemia and diabetes mellitus type 2. The presence of any one or two of these constitutes early markers of the syndrome. It occurs in children and adolescents but its magnitude has not been determined consistently in many countries including Tanzania. Detection of early clinical markers is effective preventive strategy. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of early clinical markers of metabolic syndrome among secondary school adolescents in Dar es Salaam.
Methods:A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among secondary schools in Dar es Salaam. Structured questionnaires were used to record demographic data. Blood pressure and anthropometric measurements were taken using standard methods. Fasting blood samples were collected for blood glucose, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein, high density lipoprotein and triglyceride. The International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria were utilized.
Results:A total of 217 adolescents were enrolled; of these males and females were 32% (69) and 68% (148) respectively. Of these; 75% (162) were young adolescents (14-17years). Participants from public and private schools were 48% (104) and 52% (113) respectively.Early clinical markers of metabolic syndrome were detected in 43% (94) with at least oneclinical marker and 9% (19) with two markers. The prevalence of full-blown metabolic syndrome was 1.4% (3). Overall, the clinical markers included; dyslipidemia 30% (64), central obesity 22% (48), hyperglycemia 13% (29) and hypertension 2% (4). Prevalence of central obesity was 26% (42) among young adolescents and 11% (6) among elderly adolescents and the differencewas significant (p value= 0.02).
Conclusion:Early clinical markers of metabolic syndrome exist among Dar es Salaam secondary school adolescents with dyslipidemia being the commonest marker while central obesity wasmuch common among young adolescents. School programs for screening students for detection of early markers of metabolic syndrome are needed.
Description
Keywords
Metabolic syndrome, Clinical markers, Adolescents
Citation
Lwabukuna, W.C,and Mgonda,Y.M., 2021. Early clinical markers of metabolic syndrome among secondary school adolescents in Dar es Salaam Tanzania.