P16 Immunohistochemistry: a key to accurate diagnosis of high-risk cervical lesions
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Date
2024-11-25
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Research Square
Abstract
Background
The expression of p16 protein is a critical biomarker for identifying high-risk HPV-related cervical lesions, including cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CINII) (CINII) (CINI) and Koilocytosis. This study evaluated the diagnostic utility of p16 immunohistochemistry in cervical biopsies at Muhimbili National Hospital.
Methods
A total of 92 cervical biopsy specimens were analyzed using immunohistochemical staining for p16. The staining results were assessed by two independent pathologists, with p16 positivity defined as strong nuclear and cytoplasmic staining in over 75% of the cells. The association between p16 expression and lesion grades was statistically analyzed using chi-square and Fisher's exact tests.
Results
High p16 expression was observed in cases of high-grade CIN, consistent with global findings. Conversely, low-grade CIN and benign lesions exhibited minimal p16 overexpression. These results underscore the potential of p16 as a reliable biomarker for distinguishing between high-grade and low-grade cervical lesions.
Conclusion
The findings of this study reinforce the diagnostic value of p16 immunohistochemistry in cervical pathology. By accurately identifying high-risk lesions, p16 testing can significantly improve diagnostic precision and reduce the risk of overtreatment in low-resource settings. Further research is warranted to explore the integration of p16 testing into routine cervical cancer screening protocols.
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Keywords
p16 Immunohistochemistry, Cervical Cancer, High-Risk HPV
Citation
Rugemalila, M.M., Ndayisaba, M.C., Kitinya, J. and Vuhahula, E., 2024. P16 Immunohistochemistry: A Key to Accurate Diagnosis of High-Risk Cervical Lesions.