Psychiatry

Permanent URI for this community

http://41.93.62.172:4000/handle/123456789/153

Browse

Browsing Psychiatry by Subject "Dar es Salaam, Tanzania"

Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Determination of appropriate clomipramine dosage among depressed African outpatients in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
    (The Central African Journal of Medicine, 1994) Kilonzo, Gad P.
    In an open clomipramine dose finding study, 33 deĀ­pressed indigenous African outpatients were randomly assigned to two regimens of treatment with 125 mg and 75 mg oral medications daily. At the end of eight weeks of treatment, 16 patients (48,5 pc) were on the 75 mg regime, and 17 (54,8 pc) were on 125 mg. 178 Analysis of depression scores cm the Beck-Rafaelsen scale indicated improvements of depression in both regimes of equal magnitude. Analysis of variance showed no statistically significant difference on dose response between the two regimes. The higher doses, however, were associated with more drowsiness and tremulousness. It is suggested that Black African patients respond to tricyclic antidepressants in much lower doses than those recommended in Western textbooks. It is also apparent that side effects of tricyclic antidepressants, which have been implicated in non-compliance to medication, could be avoided without compromising treatment outcome
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    HIV and Partner Violence: Implications for HIV Voluntary Counseling and Testing Programs in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
    (2001) Kilonzo, Gad P.
    This study explored the links between HIV infection, serostatus disclosure, and partner violence among women attending a VCT clinic in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Men and women both perceive HIV testing as a way to plan for the future but are motivated to undergo testing by a number of different individual, relationship, and environmental factors. The women in our study described more barriers to HIV testing than did men, and women who have communicated with their partners about VCT before seeking services are significantly more likely to share their HIV test results than those who have not talked with their partners. Findings from this study led to a number of recommendations that could reduce the barriers women face in getting tested for HIV and in disclosing their serostatus to their partners, as well as reduce levels of partner violence. These recommendations pertain to VCT services as well as to the wider community and policy environment.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Pilot Study on Patterns of Consumption of Nonindustrial Alcohol Beverages in Selected Sites, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
    (Brunner-Routledge, New York, 2004) Kilonzo, Gad P.
    The United Republic of Tanzania is a developing country in East Africa. It covers an area 945,000 square kilometers and has 1,424 kilometers of marine coastline on the eastern border. It has long land borders with Kenya, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, Democratic Republic of Congo, Zambia, Malawi, and Mozambique, and it bestrides a number of inland waters. The wide variation in altitude offers a range of climates, from the humid and hot tropical climates on the coast to the warm savanna grasslands, the warm highlands, the temperate mountains, and the alpine climate on the slopes of the high mountains such as Kilimanjaro. It has a population of 34.6 million people and a population density of 39 per square kilometer (Tanzanian Bureau of Statistics, 2002). The country has about 120 ethnic groups; a common language, Kiswahili, facilitates easy communication between people. There was a slow but steady increase in life expectancy at birth from 41.7 years in 1962 to a peak of 52 years in 1992, but this trend has been reversed over the past 10 years with a decline to a life expectancy of 48 years by 1998. The AIDS epidemic is one major factor associated with this decline (UNAIDS, 2000). Sustained per-capita income growth has been evident since 1995, with a steady increase from 0.6% per annum to an estimated 2.5% by 1999 (Bigsten & Danielson, 2001). Despite this overall increase, there are indications that income distribution has worsened over the years, and income has declined in absolute terms in the face of currency devaluation. It is estimated that 50% of the population live in poverty, most of them in rural areas (Mutalemwa, Noni, & Wangwe, 1998).