Browsing by Author "Mtango, Manento E."

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    Bacterial profile and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of asymptomatic Urinary Tract Infection among pregnant women attending ante-natal care at Kairuki Hospital, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
    (medrxiv.org, 2025-12-20) Gabriel, Deogratias R.; Mayanda, Ashura; Rogers, Anastasia M.; Kabuga, Hamis; Kungulilo, Selemani; Ngassala, Maureen; Msangi, Walter; Chiduo, Monica; Mtango, Manento E.; Pierre, Jeanne; Kapesa, Haji E.; Balilemwa, Lemmygius D.; Mafuru, Magesa; Isaac Makanda H.
    Introduction Urinary tract infections are common to pregnant and nonpregnant women estimated to 150 million new cases annually. The incidence increases with pregnancy due changes that take place. Causative microbes are E.coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Staphylococci species. The disease presents symptomatically or asymptomatically, early investigation, detection and treatment to pregnant mothers are crucial to avoid maternal and foetal complications. Several effective antimicrobials are contraindicated using ineffective agents jeopardizes treatment outcome leading to multidrug resistance. We assessed UTI causative microbes and susceptibility patterns to common antibiotics. Methods We conducted a hospital based cross sectional study at Kairuki hospital involving 262 pregnant mothers attending ante-natal clinics. Mid-stream urine was collected and inoculated on Cysteine-lactose-electrolyte-deficient agar, MacConkey and blood agar. Eleven microbes were isolated and tested for susceptibility against antibiotics using Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion technique on Mueller-Hinton agar. Data analysed using SPSS package version 23. Results The prevalence of UTI in pregnant mothers was 31.2% (82/262). The gram positive isolates were more prevalent than gram nmoste (59.3% versus 40.7%) Staphylococcus aureus 22/82 (26.2%) and S. saprophyticus 15/82 (17.9%) were the mostly isolated. Nitrofurantoin, Piperacillin/tazobactam have lowest resistant rate to both gram negative and gram positive isolates ranging from (0-26%) while Erythromycin and Ampicillin have the highest resistant rate ranging from (60-100%) therefore associated with multidrug resistant. Conclusion Asymptomatic UTI is prevalent to pregnant women at this hospital. We recommend culture and sensitivity results to guide treatment and usage of nitrofurantoin, piperacillin/tazobactam as first line treatment of UTI in pregnancy.
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    Magnitude and risk factors of cervical intraepithelial neoplasms among HIV infected women attending ocean road cancer institute, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania from March 2013 to January 2014
    (Hubert Kairuki Memorial University, 2014) Mtango, Manento E.
    Cervical cancer is still a major health problem and it accounts for many deaths worldwide Tanzania included. Despite many efforts done by different stake holders the magnitude of cervical cancers (a disease condition which is preventable) is still big and needs an urgent attention. Prevention of Cervical Cancer relies on the early detection and treatment of Cervical Intraepithelial Lesion (CIN), a premalignant disease stage. For this reason it is worth to do a study which can give us a picture as regarding premalignant conditions and information derived will be used to influence the policy makers to put up strategies for prevention and early treatment for those diagnosed earlier. Main objective of the study was to determine the magnitude and risk factors of CIN among HIV infected women at Ocean Road Cancer Institute Dar-es-salaam Tanzania. This was a cross-sectional hospital based study ,and included all consecutive clients who attended CTC at ORCI during the study period. The study findings revealed that the magnitude of CIN among HIV infected women attended CTC at Ocean Road Cancer Institute was 92 among 333 HIV clients that is 27.6%. This is a really unacceptably high number. Among these half of them 52 (56.5%) had LGL that is CIN I, and about half them had HGL in the following manner CIN II19 (20.7%) and CIN III, 21 (22.8%). Several factors were observed to have association to CIN. These factors are ; smoking, starting sex at younger age, that is early sexual involvement, having multiple sexual partners, having STIs and lastly uncircumcised partner. From this findings it is concluded that existing data should be used to carry out a large and extensive study to explore the magnitude, contributing factors and the impact of CIN on the health care system and how better the existing information can be used to initiate plans and projects to alleviate the current situation and prevent cervical cancer.